According to the psychologist, Dr. Howard Gardner, human beings have different kinds of intelligence that reflect different ways to interact with the world. Each person has a unique combination, or profile.
Although we each have all nine intelligences, no two individuals have
them in the same exact configuration like our fingerprints. These are nine types of human intelligence according to Howard Gardner:
1.
Naturalist Intelligence (“Nature Smart”)
Designates the human ability to discriminate among living things
(plants, animals) as well as sensitivity to other features of the natural world
(clouds, rock configurations). This ability
was clearly of value in our evolutionary past as hunters, gatherers, and
farmers; it continues to be central in such roles as botanist or chef. It is also speculated that much of our
consumer society exploits the naturalist intelligences, which can be mobilized
in the discrimination among cars, sneakers, kinds of makeup, and the like.
2.
Musical Intelligence (“Musical Smart”)
Musical
intelligence is the capacity to discern pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone. This intelligence enables us to recognize,
create, reproduce, and reflect on music, as demonstrated by composers,
conductors, musicians, vocalist, and sensitive listeners. Interestingly, there is often an affective
connection between music and the emotions; and mathematical and musical
intelligences may share common thinking processes. Young adults with this kind of intelligence
are usually singing or drumming to themselves.
They are usually quite aware of sounds others may miss.
3.
Logical-Mathematical Intelligence (Number/Reasoning Smart)
Logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to
calculate, quantify, consider propositions and hypotheses, and carry out
complete mathematical operations. It
enables us to perceive relationships and connections and to use abstract,
symbolic thought; sequential reasoning skills; and inductive and deductive
thinking patterns. Logical intelligence
is usually well developed in mathematicians, scientists, and detectives. Young adults with lots of logical
intelligence are interested in patterns, categories, and relationships. They are drawn to arithmetic problems,
strategy games and experiments.
Sensitivity
and capacity to tackle deep questions about human existence, such as the
meaning of life, why do we die, and how did we get here.
5.
Interpersonal Intelligence (People Smart”)
Interpersonal
intelligence is the ability to understand and interact effectively with
others. It involves effective verbal and
nonverbal communication, the ability to note distinctions among others,
sensitivity to the moods and temperaments of others, and the ability to
entertain multiple perspectives. Teachers, social workers, actors, and politicians all exhibit
interpersonal intelligence. Young
adults with this kind of intelligence are leaders among their peers, are good
at communicating, and seem to understand others’ feelings and motives.
6.
Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence (“Body Smart”)
Bodily
kinesthetic intelligence is the capacity to manipulate objects and use a variety
of physical skills. This intelligence
also involves a sense of timing and the perfection of skills through mind–body
union. Athletes, dancers, surgeons, and
craftspeople exhibit well-developed bodily kinesthetic intelligence.
7.
Linguistic Intelligence (Word Smart)
Linguistic
intelligence is the ability to think in words and to use language to express
and appreciate complex meanings.
Linguistic intelligence allows us to understand the order and meaning of
words and to apply meta-linguistic skills to reflect on our use of
language. Linguistic intelligence is the
most widely shared human competence and is evident in poets, novelists,
journalists, and effective public speakers.
Young adults with this kind of intelligence enjoy writing, reading, telling
stories or doing crossword puzzles.
8.
Intra-personal Intelligence (Self Smart”)
Intra-personal
intelligence is the capacity to understand oneself and one’s thoughts and
feelings, and to use such knowledge in planning and directioning
one’s life. Intra-personal intelligence
involves not only an appreciation of the self, but also of the human
condition. It is evident in
psychologist, spiritual leaders, and philosophers. These young adults may be shy. They are very aware of their own feelings and
are self-motivated.
9.
Spatial Intelligence (“Picture Smart”)
How about you? Which one is your type of intelligence?
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